Why are disinfection by-products (DBPs) of concern for public health?

Disinfection by-products (DBPs) are a concern for public health primarily because they can be harmful to human health. DBPs are formed when disinfectants such as chlorine react with natural organic matter in the water during the treatment process. Some of these by-products have been linked to adverse health effects, including an increased risk of certain cancers and potential reproductive issues. For this reason, monitoring and regulating the levels of DBPs in drinking water is critical to ensuring the safety and health of the public.

The other options do not accurately represent the nature of DBPs. While some treatments may improve water quality and safety, DBPs themselves do not enhance water taste, prevent bacterial growth, or act as essential nutrients in water. Understanding the potential health risks associated with DBPs is essential for effective water treatment and public safety measures.