Which of the following is a common alternative method for disinfection other than chlorine?

Ultraviolet (UV) light is widely recognized as an effective alternative method for disinfection in water treatment processes. It works by exposing water to UV radiation, which disrupts the DNA of microorganisms, effectively inactivating them and preventing reproduction. This method is particularly advantageous because it does not introduce any chemicals into the water, thereby avoiding the formation of harmful disinfection byproducts that can occur with chlorine use.

The effectiveness of UV light makes it suitable for various water applications, including drinking water treatment and wastewater disinfection. Additionally, its operation is continuous and can be adjusted based on the flow rate and water quality, making it a flexible choice for maintaining water safety.

While other methods such as ozone treatment also serve as effective disinfectants, UV light is often preferred in scenarios where chemical residues are a concern. Ion exchange primarily targets ion removal, and activated carbon filtration is focused on improving taste and odor, as well as removing some organic contaminants, rather than acting as a direct disinfection method. Thus, the unique attributes of UV light position it as a key alternative to traditional chlorine disinfection techniques.