What is the primary reason for chlorinating water before distribution?

The primary reason for chlorinating water before distribution is to disinfect and kill harmful microorganisms. Chlorination is an essential water treatment process that targets bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens that could pose health risks to consumers. By effectively eliminating these harmful organisms, chlorination helps ensure that the water supplied to the public is safe to drink and free from waterborne diseases.

In addition to disinfection, while chlorination may have some ancillary benefits—including the potential to reduce color, odor, and even improve taste—the main focus and regulatory requirement for chlorination is public health protection through disinfection. This is why the correct answer emphasizes the importance of killing microorganisms, which directly relates to safeguarding community health.

Understanding this aspect of water treatment is vital for anyone involved in water distribution, as the safety and quality of drinking water are paramount.