What is the function of a sedimentation basin in water treatment?

The function of a sedimentation basin in water treatment is primarily to facilitate the settling of solids from the water. As water enters the sedimentation basin, it is allowed to flow slowly, which provides sufficient time for suspended particles, such as silt, clay, and other debris, to settle to the bottom due to gravity. This process helps clarify the water by removing these particles before further treatment steps, such as filtration or disinfection, take place. The settled solids accumulate as sludge, which can later be removed and treated or disposed of properly.

This process is crucial because effective sedimentation reduces the load on subsequent treatment processes, allowing them to function more efficiently. By removing larger solids, sedimentation contributes to the overall quality of the water and helps ensure that the water treatment system operates effectively.