What does the term 'distribution system' refer to in water supply operations?

The term 'distribution system' in water supply operations specifically refers to the network of pipes and related infrastructure that transports treated water from the treatment plant to end-users, such as homes and businesses. This system is essential for ensuring that potable water is delivered effectively and efficiently, maintaining water pressure throughout the network to prevent contamination or stagnation.

The distribution system includes components such as pipes, valves, pumps, storage tanks, and hydrants, all of which work together to manage water flow and maintain accessibility to clean water. Proper design and maintenance of this system are critical for public health and safety, as any failures can lead to significant service interruptions or water quality issues.

The other options do not accurately define the distribution system. A biological system for water filtration pertains to how water quality is initially treated, while a system for measuring water quality relates to testing and monitoring, and a reservoir for excess water storage is more about water supply management rather than distribution. These components are important in the overall water supply operations, but they serve different functions than the primary role of the distribution system.